Chapter 4.3
Engineering Authorizations
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Table of contents Paragraph |
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2 Policy on the engineering authorization of personnel
3.2 Examples of authorizations and corresponding authority level
3.3 Relationship of single-Service engineering skills/competence with the authority level structure
3.4 Forward Support (FS) NDT and Repair Teams
3.5 Local engineering authorizations
3.6 Loans of engineering personnel
3.7 Limitations and withdrawal of authorizations
4 Authorization of non-engineering personnel
5.1 Authorization record distribution and retention
6 Single-Service Rank/Rate authorization ranging
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List of tables
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Table 1. Authority levels and examples of authorizations.
Table 2. Summary of RN Personnel AuthorizationRanging.
Table 3. Summary of Army Personnel AuthorizationRanging.
Table 4. Summary of RAF Personnel AuthorizationRanging.
The authority to carry out engineering tasks and to sign maintenance documentation is granted to personnel who have demonstrated competence. Engineering managers require a range of personnel with a variety of competencies to perform all the engineering activities required to maintain aircraft and equipment to an airworthy standard and to perform their operational roles.
All references to engineering function, appointments and tradesmen are to be interpreted as also meaning civilians and non-engineering personnel of equivalent status and competence, see Chapter 4.1, who are employed by the MOD or by contractors that are required to comply with JAP 100A-01.
Note: The above paragraph also relates to those personnel who, although classified as being ‘engineers’, eg Ground Support Equipment engineers, are not of the aviation-based community of engineers.
2 Policy on the engineering authorization of personnel
All personnel required to carry out tasks identified in JAP 100A-01 are to be authorized to do so. An engineering authorization for a particular task/function is granted to an individual, provided that the individual is competent, is of the appropriate rank/trade and the organization requires him to undertake that task.
The granting of engineering authorizations is based on the need for accountability and risk management at the appropriate level. To achieve this, JAP 100A-01 chapters define the authorization(s) to undertake the related task(s) and the authorization to grant them to an individual. After joining any new organization at a Stn/Ship/Unit, the individual’s competence is to be assessed in accordance with Chapter 4.1. An individual holding the relevant J or K authorization may then grant the individual the necessary authorizations to carry out the required tasks within that appointment/draft. The J or K authorization holder (as appropriate) granting the authorization is to ensure that the individual being authorized holds any additional authorization criteria, as detailed in the relevant source chapter.
JAP 100A-01 authorizations can be granted and held as standard or special authorizations, depending on the rank/trade of the holder or any requirement for specialist training. The terms standard and special authorizations are explained at paragraphs 3.3.1 and 3.3.2. Organizations may limit the number of qualified personnel authorized to undertake a task in order to ensure that the latter retain a higher level of currency through frequent practice.
Only personnel holding the relevant J or K authorization may grant JAP 100A-01 authorizations. Arrangements for local authorizations are at paragraph 3.5.
3.1.1 Assessment of competence
Prior to the J or K holder granting an authorization, they are to assess the individual’s competence to be awarded the authorization. The content of the assessment is at the discretion of the J or K holder and may contain some or all of the following:
1 Personal knowledge of the individual.
2 Information gleaned from the individual’s immediate supervisors/managers.
3 The content of any related Certificate of Competence held by the individual.
4 Any relevant course certificates held by the individual.
5 An interview with the individual.
6 Direct observation of the individual’s workmanship.
3.1.2 J or K ‘by appointment’ authorizations
Personnel holding JAP-J360 or JAP-K137 (authorizations relating to ‘by appointment’ posts - ie those personnel assessed competent and appointed in accordance with Chapter 1.1) may grant, subject to any limitation imposed by their relevant higher authority, all authorizations appropriate to their authorization permitted within individual JAP 100A-01 chapters and Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4 in this chapter.
3.1.3 Intrinsic powers of personnel holding JAP-J360 or JAP-K137
Personnel holding JAP-J360 or JAP-K137 may carry out all tasks for which they have the ability to authorize, without the need to hold each specific authorization, unless the task carries additional authorization criteria (such as for vibration equipment (VE) analysis or NDT qualifications). For instance, a JAP-J360 holder, who has the authority to authorize personnel eligible (as identified in Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4) to hold the JAP-H71 authorization to defer scheduled maintenance, may also defer scheduled maintenance himself. However, whilst he may authorize personnel to hold JAP-C40 (analyse VE data), he may not analyse VE data. In addition, a JAP-K137 (by appointment) also holds JAP-J360 (by appointment) by default.
3.1.4 Non-appointed personnel
A JAP-K137 holder may grant JAP-J136 or JAP-K361 (hold all J or K authorizations whilst in a non-appointed post) to non-appointed personnel. This may be to cover periods of absence or where the relevant higher authority has not identified posts that attract JAP-J360 (by appointment) in accordance with Chapter 1.1. The JAP-K137 holder may limit the extent and duration of the delegated authority.
JAP-J136 or JAP-K361 holders:
1 May only grant those authorizations that have been delegated to them.
2 May not grant the JAP-J136 or JAP-K361 authorizations.
Exceptionally, when it is not possible to consult the JAP-K137 or a JAP-K361 holder and there is no other way to meet an urgent requirement, a JAP-J360 holder may grant limited authority level J authorizations. The relevant JAP-K137 holder is to endorse these authorizations at the earliest opportunity.
3.2 Examples of authorizations and corresponding authority level
Table 1. Authority levels and examples of authorizations.
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Level |
Descriptor |
Examples of authorizations |
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Maintenance that requires 100% supervision |
JAP-A449: Carry out first signature responsibilities for flight servicing whilst under training |
|
|
Maintenance that requires 2nd signature |
JAP-B55: Weld aircraft parts JAP-B305: Use/operate VE |
|
|
Maintenance that is more complex than identified against level B or is of supervisory or instructional nature |
JAP-C9: Instruct tradesmen in aircraft armament systems maintenance JAP-C116: Carry out compass adjustment |
|
|
Maintenance where one individual can complete 1st and 2nd signature |
JAP-D42: NDT Technician duties JAP-D317: Weigh aircraft |
|
|
Maintenance and functions that are more complex or critical than those identified against level C |
JAP-E22: Undertake independent inspections in source trade JAP-E349: Undertake training of engine operators |
|
|
Authorize or define the extent of maintenance |
JAP-F170: Authorize cannibalization within Unit/Sqn JAP-F447: Authorize a Maintenance or Partial Test Flight |
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Determine and authorize maintenance which carries an increased element of risk |
JAP-G17: Annotate MOD Form 700 that ‘no further flight servicing required ' following maintenance or cancelled/aborted flight JAP-G327: Clear aircraft for unrestricted flight, if loose article is not recovered, but risk is negligible or searches have significantly reduced risk |
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Determine and authorize maintenance which carries a significant element of risk |
JAP-H21: Waive flight servicing JAP-H250: Authorize fuelling operations on aircraft in a hangar (afloat or on land) |
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Authorize (as detailed by Chapter 0.7) individuals within their unit to carry out level A-H maintenance. Determine and authorize maintenance for which they are ultimately responsible. |
JAP-J13: Authorize personnel to carry out flight servicing JAP-J360: Hold all authority level J authorizations whilst in an Appointed post, subject to any limitations imposed by the appointing authority |
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Authorize individuals within their area of control to carry out specific maintenance that carries a high level of risk. Determine and authorize maintenance for which they are ultimately responsible. |
JAP-K11: Authorize personnel to instruct aircraft armament system maintenance training JAP-K137: Hold all authority level K authorizations whilst in an Appointed Post, subject to any limitations imposed by the appointing authority |
3.3 Relationship of single-Service engineering skills/competence with the authority level structure
Each rank/rate of the single Services has an inherent set of competences associated with the particular rank/rate, which are defined in the respective single-Service publications as follows:
1 RN: AP 100T-0100 – Qualifications for Fleet Air Arm Personnel.
2 Army: AESP 0200-A-090-013 – DEME(A) Engineering Standards.
3 RAF: AP 3376 Vol 3 – Trade & General Service Proficiency Standards.
These trade/experience-related skills/competences may be readily accepted, although they still need to be confirmed during the competence assessment of an individual who is to be granted an authorization to undertake a JAP 100A-01 task. In essence the tasks/ authorizations identified in JAP 100A-01 are annotated with a letter, A-K, and a unique number. The letter relates to the generic competence/skill set (as defined in the single-Service publications above) required of that authorization and individual JAP 100A-01 chapters identify additional competence criteria.
3.3.1 Standard authorizations
Standard authorizations are those generic to a particular trade, rank/rate or appointment and are usually achieved through qualification and promotion.
Details of the standard authorization level (letter annotation) for each rank and Service are given in Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4.
3.3.2 Special authorizations
Special authorizations are those that are granted to nominated individuals in response to an operational/maintenance necessity or to enhance an organization’s effectiveness or efficiency. They are not solely dependent on the rank/rate of an individual and are normally granted for specific tasks or specific periods. Examples of special authorizations include:
1 Undertaking a task normally carried out by someone of a higher rank.
2 Undertaking the additional responsibilities required for exercises and detachments.
3 Undertaking the responsibilities of 1st and/or 2nd signature for work in another trade group.
4 Tasks requiring specialist training (eg NDT or VE operator).
Details of the special authorization level (letter annotation) for each Service are given in Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4.
3.4 Forward Support (FS) NDT and Repair Teams
Due to the specialist training and skills achieved, FS NDT Technicians, Repair Teams 4and Service Modification Teams3are granted JAP-D283 (carry out self-supervised activities within own trade) and subsequently may undertake employment on any UK military aircraft when tasked. Such specialist personnel are to ensure that their parent organization authorization record is available for inspection by the tasking unit. The organization requesting the specialist services of FS NDT Technicians, Repair Teams 4or Service Modification Teams3 is responsible for assuring that correct standards and practices are maintained.
3.5 Local engineering authorizations
Where a JAP-K137 holder considers that there is a requirement for authorizations that are not detailed in the JAP 100A-01, they are to be published in Aviation Engineering Standing Orders (AESOs) issued in accordance with Chapter 1.10.2. These authorizations are known as local engineering authorizations (LEAs). Typical examples of local authorizations include opening and closing hangar doors or operating overhead cranes. The JAP-K137 holder is to identify who may hold the JAP-G457 authorization (To authorize Local Engineering Authorizations only) in AESOs and who may hold the relevant local authorizations. Where there is a need to standardize local authorizations across a number of Ships/Stns/Units or a fleet of aircraft, the FLC or 4PT3 should issue instructions to control this.
3.6 Loans of engineering personnel
For specific tasks or specific periods, engineering personnel who are loaned between organizations for employment retain the standard and special authorizations granted by their parent organization, without the need for further written authorization.
However, receiving organizations need to grant engineering authorizations formally in the following situations:
1 For detachments or protracted periods of loan.
2 Where there are significant differences in local conditions or procedures at the receiving organization.
Personnel on loan are to ensure that their parent organization authorization record is available for inspection by the receiving organization.
3.7 Limitations and withdrawal of authorizations
All authorizations are subject to the continued demonstration of competence and/or currency. Any authorization may be withdrawn, suspended or limited, at the discretion of the relevant granting J or K authorization holder, as appropriate. Additionally, an individual who is eligible to hold an H-annotated authorization who is responsible for maintenance at an independent detachment or flight may suspend any authorization held by a subordinate.
4 Authorization of non-engineering personnel
When non-engineering personnel are required to carry out engineering activities on aircraft or aircraft-associated equipment, they are to be authorized in accordance with this chapter and their authorizations recorded in accordance with Chapter 4.3.1. Such activities may include the refuelling of aircraft by Army Air Corps personnel or operation of cargo doors by RAF Movements personnel.
Authorizations are to be granted by the relevant J or K authorization holder, as appropriate, who is to ensure that personnel meet any additional authorization criteria and that they comply with any periodic checks detailed within the relevant source chapter.
When authorizing non-engineering personnel, refer to Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4 to determine equivalent status in accordance with paragraph 1.2.
Standard, special and local authorizations are to be recorded using the methods detailed in Chapter 4.3.1.
5.1 Authorization record distribution and retention
Personnel are to be given a copy of their authorizations (including copies of any subsequent authorizations). Units are to ensure that authorization records are maintained for all individuals. These records are to be retained for 24 months following their departure from the organization that has been responsible for issuing their authorizations. This includes moves of personnel between Units on the same Stn/Ship.
6 Single-Service Rank/Rate authorization ranging
Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4 below show the Standard and Special authorization range for each Rank/Rate by Service.
The respective single-Service engineering policy authorities identified in Chapter 1.5 own the details contained within the single-Service tables.
6.1.1 Concessions and amendments to tables
The single-Service engineering policy authorities may issue concessions against the details contained within their single-Service Table without recourse to 4Military Aviation Authority Technical Regulator 2 (MAA Tech Reg 2)3, but are to ensure that any such concession is copied to 4MAA Tech Reg 23.
Any requirement to permanently amend the details in the single-Service Tables is to be forwarded to 4 MAA Tech Reg JAPFLC3on MOD F765.
Table 2. Summary of RN Personnel AuthorizationRanging.
|
Rank/Rate or Appointment |
Qualifying Training (where necessary) |
Max Standard Authorization |
Notes |
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Max Special Authorization |
Notes |
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Aircrew |
|
4Nil.3 |
4Nil.3 |
|
AFS and AM |
See Chapter 4.7.1 |
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NA(AH) |
Professional Qualifying Course |
B |
Ground handling of aircraft only |
|
B |
Refuelling of aircraft only |
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AEM, AET or NA(SE) |
|
A |
Only for those tasks associated with Phase 2 training task-books/forms |
|
AEM, or AET |
Qualified to Maintain (QM) Training. |
B |
Not including Flight Servicing |
|
B |
Including maintenance in the SE trade |
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AEM, AET or NA(SE) |
QM by Type and Qualified to Sign (QS) Training |
B |
4Nil.3 |
|
D |
Not to be granted C authorizations. JAP-D12 and JAP-D359 (Flight Servicing and ESS tasks), limited by aircraft/equipment type and mark.
|
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LA(AH) and above |
Professional Qualifying Course |
C |
Ground handling of aircraft only |
|
B |
Refuelling of aircraft only |
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LAEM, LAET or LA(SE) |
Professional Qualifying Course |
B |
4Nil.3 |
|
D |
C authorizations limited by task, aircraft/equipment type and mark. D authorizations limited by task, aircraft/equipment type and mark. |
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LAEM, LAET or LA(SE) |
Professional Qualifying Course and Certificate of Competence |
C |
See AP100T-0100 4Section 2, Chapter 13 3for guidance |
|
F |
E authorizations for own trade only. JAP-F2 (Specify extent of independent inspections in source trade) for manual Main Rotor Blade and Tail Fold/Spread only. |
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POAEM, POAET or POA(SE) |
|
F |
JAP-F2 (Specify extent of independent inspections in source trade) only |
|
F |
4Nil.3 |
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CPOAEM, CPOA(SE) and WO1(AEM)(SE) |
|
F |
JAP-F2 (Specify extent of independent inspections in source trade) only
|
|
F |
4Nil.3 |
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CPOAEA |
|
F |
JAP-F2, JAP-F351, JAP-F447 |
|
H |
G and H authorizations only if authorized as Detachment Senior Maintenance Rating (SMR). May hold JAP-G346 for use as detailed in mid-level instructions only; this is to be clearly annotated against the authorization.
|
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CPOAET |
Aircraft Charge Certificate |
F |
4Nil.3 |
|
J |
G authorizations when deputizing for Sqn WO2AET. Specific J authorizations if authorized as Detachment or Flight SMR as limited by FLC mid-level instructions. |
||
|
WO2AET |
|
F |
4Nil.3 |
|
J |
Specific J authorizations if authorized as Detachment or Flight SMR as limited by FLC mid-level instructions |
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WO1AET |
|
H |
4Nil.3 |
|
J |
For specific appointments as Unit AEO |
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|
AEO |
Certificate of Competence |
H |
4Nil.3 |
|
K |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
Lt (non-AEO) |
Professional Branch Training |
H |
Specific authorizations as required for task/appointment only |
|
J |
4Nil.3 |
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|
Charge AEO |
Certificate of Competence |
J |
Authority by appointment as Sqn/Unit Charge AEO (QRRN 1101 refers). Other appointments that have JAP-J360 responsibility, eg ESE and SAE at TAS, by their FLC in mid-level instructions. |
|
K |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
Lt Cdr (non-AEO) |
Professional Branch Training |
J |
Specific authorizations as required for task/appointment only |
|
K |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
SAEO |
|
K |
Appointment by their FLC in mid-level instructions; see Chapter 1.1. QRRN 1101 also refers. |
Table 3. Summary of Army Personnel AuthorizationRanging.
This table is to be read in conjunction with Chapter 4.6 – Delineation of Responsibilities for Engineering Authorizations.
|
Rank/Rate or Appointment |
Qualifying Training (where necessary) |
Max Standard Authorization |
Notes |
|
Max Special Authorization |
Notes |
||
|
L2 UAV Operator |
L2 UAV Training |
B |
Limited by type and task with 100% supervision |
|
4Nil.3 |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
L3 UAV Operator |
L3 UAV Training |
B |
Limited by type and task |
|
4Nil.3 |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
L4 UAV Operator |
L4 UAV Training |
C |
Limited by type and task |
|
D |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
UAV (P) |
UAV Pilot Operator Course |
C |
Limited by type and task |
|
4Nil.3 |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
UAV Battery Commander |
Appointment and attended UAV Systems command course. |
J |
For authorization of RA personnel only. See Chapter 4.6. |
|
K |
4Nil.3 |
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|
CO UAV Regt |
Appointment and attended CO Designate Course |
K |
For authorization of RA personnel only. See Chapter 4.6. |
|
Class 2 Armourer |
Attack Helicopter Armourer Course |
B |
Attack Helicopter Area Weapon System only (Off Aircraft) |
|
B |
4Nil.3 |
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|
Class 1 Armourer |
Attack Helicopter Armourer Course |
D |
JAP-D283 for Attack Helicopter Area Weapon System only (Off Aircraft) |
|
E |
JAP-E185 (Co-ordinate MWOs) for Attack Helicopter Area Weapon System only (Off Aircraft). |
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|
TSS (Issue Centre Staff) |
|
B |
In order to allow civilian staff authority to sign documentation, ie MOD F757 |
|
4Nil.3 |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
TSS (Cpl/LCpl/Cfn) |
|
C |
In order to allow Custodian duties |
|
4Nil.3 |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
TSS TQMS (SSgt/Sgt) |
|
E |
In order to allow Controller/Custodian duties |
|
4Nil.3 |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
Class 3 Technician |
Phase 2 Training |
A |
Lynx only. All other aircraft require additional type qualification. |
|
4Nil.3 |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
Class 2 Technician |
Completed 3 to 2 Continuation Training |
B |
Lynx only. All other aircraft require additional type qualification. |
|
D |
JAP-D12 (Flight Servicing) only, limited by aircraft type and mark |
||
|
Class 1 Technician (Cpl) |
2 - 1 Upgraders |
D |
Lynx only. All other aircraft require additional type qualification. |
|
F |
In own trade only. (Out of trade authorization may be granted to carry out Gazelle dual control independent inspections and for independent inspections of Phoenix). |
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|
Class 1 Technician (Sgt) |
|
F |
Lynx only. All other aircraft require additional type qualification. |
|
G |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
Class 1 Technician (SSgt) |
|
F |
Lynx only. All other aircraft require additional type qualification. |
|
G |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
Artificer (SSgt and WO2) |
Artificer Training |
F |
Lynx only. All other aircraft require additional type qualification. |
|
J |
Normal max special is G authorizations. H and J authorizations only if in charge of maintenance of an independent or permanently detached flight. |
||
|
Artificer (WO1) |
|
G |
4Nil.3 |
|
K |
K authorizations only if in charge of maintenance of an independent or permanently detached flight and iaw formal delegated authority from FLC. H and J authorizations only if in charge of maintenance of an independent or permanently detached flight. |
||
|
AEO |
Direct Entry and Late Entry (LE) officers who have completed the Officers’ Long Aeronautical Engineering course supported by continuation training and confirmed by a moderating board, or LE officers who were Aviation Artificers |
G |
4Nil.3 |
|
K |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
Maj AEO |
As per AEO |
J |
Appointment by their FLC in mid-level instructions. See Chapter 1.1. |
|
K |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
SAEO |
As per AEO |
K |
Appointment by their FLC in mid-level instructions. See Chapter 1.1. |
|
Aircrew |
|
4Nil.3 |
4Nil.3 |
|
AFS and AM J |
See Chapter 4.7.1. To be held only by Maintenance Test Pilots (MTPs) and used solely for authorizing Flying Maintainers in accordance with Chapter 2.2. |
||
|
Rearcrew |
Rearcrew Training Modules |
D |
Authorized to fit/remove GPMG and load ammunition. Not Apache AH Mk1. |
|
4Nil.3 |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
Groundcrew Class 3 |
Phase 2 Training |
B |
Limited by type and task with 100% direct supervision |
|
4Nil.3 |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
Groundcrew Class 2 |
Junior Leaders Course and completed Record of Achievement |
B |
Limited by type and task |
|
4Nil.3 |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
Groundcrew Class 1 |
Class 1 Course |
C |
Limited by type and task (includes Refuel Instructor) |
|
D |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
AAC Signaller Class 1 |
Sigs 1 Course |
C |
For cryptographic material load only. Limited by type and task. |
|
4Nil.3 |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
Arming and Loading Point Commander (ALPC) |
ALPC Course |
E |
Limited by type and task |
|
4Nil.3 |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
Arming and Loading Point Commander Assessor (ALPCA) |
ALPC Qualified |
E |
Limited by type and task |
|
4Nil.3 |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
Helicopter Weapons Instructor (HWI) |
HWI Course |
E |
For weapons preparation and loading instruction. Limited by type and task. |
|
4Nil.3 |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
Sqn Comd
|
Sqn Comd Course |
J |
For authorization of AAC personnel only. See Chapter 4.6. |
|
K |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
CO Regt |
Appointment and attended CO Designate Course |
K |
For authorization of AAC personnel only. See Chapter 4.6. |
Table 4. Summary of RAF Personnel AuthorizationRanging.
|
Rank/Rate or Appointment |
Qualifying Training (where necessary) |
Max Standard Authorization |
Notes |
|
Max Special Authorization |
Notes |
||
|
Aircrew |
|
4Nil.3 |
4Nil.3 |
|
AFS and AM |
See Chapter 4.7.1 |
||
|
LAC |
Basic Trade Training |
B |
4Nil.3 |
|
D |
Normal max special C authorizations. JAP-D12 (Carry out Flight Servicing) only and limited by aircraft type and mark. |
||
|
SAC, SAC(T) pre QOPS |
|
B |
4Nil.3 |
|
D |
Limited by task, aircraft type and mark |
||
|
SAC(T) (Q OPS), Jnr Tech |
|
B |
4Nil.3 |
|
D |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
Cpl |
|
C |
4Nil.3 |
|
F |
Normal max special is E authorizations. F authorizations only permitted for Arisings Managers on Typhoon (all Mks). |
||
|
Sgt and Chf Tech (including AGE) |
|
F |
4Nil.3 |
|
G |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
FS |
|
F |
4Nil.3 |
|
J |
Normal max special is H authorizations. J authorizations only permitted for FS Eng posts on SAR Flights as limited by FLC mid-level instructions. |
||
|
WO |
|
H |
4Nil.3 |
|
4K3 |
Normal max special is J authorizations. K authorizations only permitted for TSW WO Eng as limited by FLC mid-level instructions. |
||
|
Fg Off, Flt Lt |
For JFH – Certificate of Competence. Otherwise, on-aircraft competency process detailed within AP 100B-01 Order 2.2.24 |
H |
4Nil.3 |
|
K |
Normal max special is J authorizations. K authorizations only permitted for OC Eng Flt RAF Gibraltar. |
||
|
Sqn Ldr |
|
J |
See Chapter 1.1 |
|
K |
4Nil.3 |
||
|
Wg Cdr |
|
K |
See Chapter 1.1 |