JAP 100A 02 Chap 3.1-UNCONTROLLED COPY WHEN PRINTED-Service Modification Procedures

This chapter contains the procedures for Service Modifications (SM) to aircraft and associated equipment. It should be read in conjunction with JAP 100A-01 Chapter 10.0.1, Chapter 10.1, Chapter 10.2, Chapter 10.4, JSP 553 and JSP 886. These procedures detail the essential steps required to ensure that:

1 SMs are developed and embodied safely.

2 Detailed records of the SM process are kept.

3 Configuration management is maintained.

These steps are mandatory but may be supplemented by local procedures.

1.2 Associated publications

This chapter is associated with the following publications:

1 Def Stan 05-57 – Configuration Management of Defence Materiel.

2 Def Stan 05-123 – Technical Procedures for the Procurement of Aircraft, Weapon and Electronic Systems.

1.3 Service Modification (SM) forms, leaflets and questionnaires

The following associated forms, leaflets and questionnaires are contained in JAP 100A-02:

1 MOD F755(SM1) – Service Modification Proposal.

2 MOD F755(SM2) – Service Modification Safety and Support Questionnaire.

3 MOD F755(SM3) – Service Modification Amplification of Proposal.

4 MOD F755(SM4) – Service Modification Proposal Progression.

5 MOD F755(SM5) – Service Modification Initiation Certificate.

6 MOD F755(SM6) – Service Modification Engineering Trial Installation and Pre-Flight Trial Review.

7 MOD F755(SM7) – Service Modification Aircraft and Equipment Trial Form.

8 MOD F755(SM8) – Service Modification Flight Trial and Engineering Report.

9 MOD F755(SM9) – Service Modification Clearance Certificate.

10 MOD F755(SM10) – Service Modification Authority for Extension or Transfer.

11 4MOD F755(SM11) - Service Modification Change or Cancellation Proposal.3

12 4MOD F755(SM12) - Service Modification Leaflet Amendment Proposal.3

2 Overview

The following paragraphs and figure describes the four distinct phases of the generic SM development process:

1 Proposal, acceptance and registration.

2 Proposal progression and formal approval.

3 Initiation, development and pre-flight review.

4 Clearance, approval, embodiment and review.

The SM process and associated activities detailed in the paragraphs below are to be followed.

Throughout the SM process all approvals and clearances are to be approved by a competent person with the appropriate airworthiness Letter of Delegation (LOD) or Letter of Authority (LOA); JAP 100A-01 Chapter 1.1 refers. Any divergence from the SM process is to be similarly approved.

Figure 1 contains the generic activities associated with the SM development process.

3 Phase 1 - Proposal, acceptance and registration

Phase 1 of the SM process includes the proposal, acceptance and registration; all elements of Phase 1 are to be completed prior to entering Phase 2 of the SM process.

3.1 SM proposal

An organization identifying a requirement for a design change is to submit MOD F755(SM1) - Service Modification Proposal - to the relevant Integrated Project Team (IPT) to:

1 Improve safety or airworthiness.

2 Satisfy an operational need.

3 Improve capability, availability or maintainability.

4 Support a trial.

5 Meet a minor user requirement.

Originators are to include details of the requirement and provide a supporting impact statement. When appropriate, the impact statement should highlight the implications of not satisfying the requirement.

3.2 Safety and Support Questionnaire (SSQ)

MOD F755(SM2) - Safety and Support Questionnaire (SSQ) - is to be raised during the proposal phase to identify safety and business risks during the early stages of the SM process. Subsequently, the completed SSQ will assist in producing the SM Safety Case. The SM Safety Case will be used to assess the effect of the SM on the whole aircraft Safety Case and enable the IPT to make a balanced decision on whether, or how, to proceed with the SM. The content of the SSQ is provided for guidance only: the list is not exhaustive and IPTs are expected to include additional subjects as necessary, ensuring that all hazards are identified and addressed. Design Organizations (DOs) are normally tasked by the IPT to complete the SSQ on their behalf. IPTs may also task the DO or other competent organization to conduct a detailed risk assessment of the SM proposal and appropriate SSQ items during the proposal progression phase.

3.3 Amplification of Proposal (AOP)

To enable the IPT to make an informed judgement on whether or not to proceed with a complex SM, the IPT may task the DO to provide further information on the proposed SM by raising MOD F755(SM3) - Amplification of Proposal (AOP). To prevent unnecessary effort being expended on preparing the Draft SM Leaflet (DSML), the AOP report should be considered before the DSML is written. IPTs may request support from other agencies to assist the DO in producing the AOP report.

3.4 Feasibility study

If further information or analysis is needed on the proposal to identify a feasible solution to meet the requirement, the IPT may undertake, or task a competent organization to conduct, a feasibility study.

3.5 Identify a feasible solution

On receipt of the MOD F755(SM1), the IPT is to consider the proposal and identify a feasible solution to meet the requirement. This may entail the production of an outline design by the DO, supported by the findings from a feasibility study, as appropriate.

3.6 Comments on proposal

In assessing the proposal the IPT should:

1 Consult the Front Line Command (FLC) /User, the Release To Service Authority (RTSA) and the Equipment Sponsor as appropriate on the validity, priority, classification and suitability of SM action for the proposed design change.

2 If deemed necessary, consult relevant equipment IPT, MOD and industry specialists.

3 Assess the priorityof the proposal.

4 Consider whether the proposal is within the capacity and competence of candidate DOs.

5 Confirm funding to cover each phase of the SM process.

3.7 Accept proposal

If the SM proposal is accepted, the IPT is to consider all aspects of the proposal to ensure that the requirement is well defined and all engineering and safety implications are clearly understood. The IPT is to inform the originator of the outcome of his proposal.

3.8 Consider the Designer Modification (DM) route

Once the IPT has collated sufficient information about the proposal it should consider whether the requirement should be met following the SM or DM route. If the decision is made to employ the DM route, the requirement is to be assessed and progressed in accordance with JAP 100A-01 Chapter 10.3. If the decision is made to proceed with the SM route, the IPT should consider subsequent Designer cover modification action, if deemed appropriate.

3.9 Register proposal

If the SM proposal has been accepted, the IPT is to raise and maintain a register and file, and allocate the SM a unique serial number (eg SM/TOR/XXX). The file is to provide a complete auditable history of the SM, including appropriate references to relevant preceding SMs. For aircraft governed by the Generic Aircraft Release Procedure (GARP), the SM file reference is to be recorded in accordance with the audit trail requirements detailed in JSP 553 Annex J Appendix 2.

4 Phase 2 - Proposal progression and formal approval

Phase 2 of the SM process includes the progression and approval of the SM. All elements of this phase are to be addressedprior to entering Phase 3 of the SM process.

4.1 Proposal progression

The IPT is to establish the course of action required to progress the SM proposal. The MOD F755(SM4) - Service Modification Proposal Progression - is to be used to assist in managing this phase of the SM Process.

4.2 Annotate design records

The IPT is to consider informing the Designer of the proposed SM, recommending the inclusion of a temporary notation to the SM index and annotation of associated drawings to indicate possible SM activity. An annotation of design records at this stage will enable the Designer to give an early warning to the IPT of any possible conflict between the proposed SM and current or planned DM programmes.

4.3 Select and task a Design Organization (DO)

Once the decision has been made to proceed with an SM, the IPT will normally contract a DO to develop the SM on its behalf, which may include progressing the proposal, producing the SM Safety Case, designing and developing the SM, drafting the SM Leaflet (SML) and Aircrew Operating Brief (AOB), and producing the Certificates of Design. The IPT is to select an appropriate DO in accordance with JAP 100A-01 Chapter 10.2. The DO is assumed to be the designer, unless alternative contractual arrangements are made.

4.4 Specialist advice

4.4.1 General

The responsibility for safety rests with the IPT. There is a requirement for all SM proposals and designs to be rigorously scrutinized by technical experts. At this stage it is imperative that the RTSA is kept fully informed and given the opportunity to further scrutinize the SM proposal. Specialist advice is normally requested after the progressed proposal has been received from the DO. However, the IPT may require independent specialist advice when initially considering the proposal, or making such advice available to the DO during preparation of the AOP, SSQ or DSML. IPTs are to use MOD F755(SM4) to record all requests for advice on, but not limited to, the effects of the proposed SM on:

1 Airworthiness, safety and the aircraft Release to Service (RTS).

2 Aircraft Document Set (ADS), including aircrew publications, Operating Data Manual (ODM) and the Statement of Operating Intent and Usage (SOIU).

3 Designer or other relevant organizations planned modification activities.

4 Aircraft equipment or weapons systems.

5 Source of supply, delivery forecasts or availability dates of equipment.

6 Outline design and costs.

4.4.2 Equipment

Equipment IPTs may be asked to advise on the suitability and availability of equipment to meet the requirements of the proposal and, if required, are to:

1 Make the appropriate equipment Designer or post-design services available to the DO.

2 Arrange for the provision and support of such equipment to be made available to the DO when it is required.

3 Obtain Certificates of Design for items of equipment required for the SM from relevant organizations as requested from the sponsoring IPT.

4.4.3 Armament safety

If there is any possibility that a proposed SM may affect an aircraft’s weapons system, explosive armament stores or any other system containing explosives, clearance is to be obtained from the appropriate specialist organization and endorsed on the MOD F755(SM4). Where a proposed SM could affect the systems listed below, the IPT is to obtain a written endorsement from the appropriate organization.

1 Explosive armament stores, including chaff and flare.

2 Electro-explosive devices (EED).

3 Aircraft armament system including:

3.1 Safety devices.

3.2 Electrical installations.

3.3 Suspension equipment.

4 Weapon preparation or loading procedures.

Specifically, specialist advice is to be sought when an SM:

5 Modifies an aircraft armament system, including the addition of any explosive armament store or EED.

6 Affects the aircraft’s electro-magnetic compatibility (EMC) environment.

7 Could influence a weapon’s firing pulse.

8 Changes a weapon's operating parameters or performance.

9 Affects information presented to aircrew or groundcrew, which could affect their personal safety or safe operation of the armament system or store.

10 Involves physical disturbance of the aircraft armament electrical system.

4.4.4 Supply of parts and materials

In accordance with JSP 886, IPTs are to:

1 Confirm that the parts and materials required to implement the instruction will be available to satisfy the embodiment programme.

2 Ensure that all possible implications are addressed where the SM affects stored equipment, spares consumption, re-provisioning and international supply support agreements, including appropriate items controlled by other platform and equipment IPTs.

3 Ensure that items or assemblies that are to be manufactured, modified, or bought out are correctly codified.

4.4.5 Specialist support organizations

There are a number of specialist organizations that can give advice and support regarding the safety and compliance of SMs, including:

1 Defence Ordnance Safety Group – DOSG.

2 4DG Weapons.3

3 Contractors (eg QinetiQ).

4 Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl), Communication Electronics Security Group (CESG), Continuing Airworthiness Support Division - Air Vehicle Integrity (CASD-AVI), Joint Air Delivery Test and Evaluation Unit (JADTEU) and the Defence Security Standards Organisation (DSSO).

5 4FLEET3 Forward Support (FS) - Mobile Aircraft Support Unit (MASU) - An accredited Design Approved Organisation Scheme. Request for tasking is to be submitted using MASU SMF1.1.

Note:

This list is not exhaustive.

4.5 Designer advice

4.5.1 Seeking Designer advice

IPTs are to seek advice from the Designer for all SM proposals, especially when it would:

1 Interfere with any design change already in hand or being considered.

2 Require safety or specialist testing.

3 Require significant re-design if a cover modification is being considered.

4 Require cost estimates for changes to design records.

5 Require an assessment on its compatibility with other aircraft systems or equipment.

4.5.2 Not obtaining Designer advice

The decision not to seek or comply with Designer advice, or to embody an SM before obtaining Designer advice, should only be taken when Urgent Operational Requirements (UOR) prevail. As part of the decision process the IPT member who holds the appropriate airworthiness LOD/LOA (see paragraph 2) is to liaise with the RTSA and record their decision on the F755(SM4). In giving approval for embodiment to commence in the absence of Designer advice, the IPT is to be aware of its legal position and ensure that legal advice has been obtained and recorded before formally issuing the SML. Furthermore, the IPT should consider that:

1 In buying aircraft from contractors who have demonstrated that they are competent to design, manufacture and supply airworthy aircraft, the MOD also purchases their expertise in certifying that the aircraft is airworthy. This is a major part of the MOD's legal defensive position in the event of an accident or incident leading to litigation. If an aircraft is modified by the MOD, by whatever means, in the absence of positive advice from the Designer, an element of the risk is transferred back to the MOD. In the case of an SM embodied before or without Designer advice, the IPT concerned takes full responsibility for the effects of the SM on the airworthiness of the complete aircraft. This includes not only the effects on the systems directly modified, but also any inadvertent cross-linking effects on the rest of the aircraft that are directly attributable to the SM.

2 If the Designer is contracted to keep the design records up to date and co-ordinate the configuration control of the aircraft, embodiment of an SM without Designer involvement can adversely affect the aircraft’s configuration management (CM). Further guidance on CM is contained in JAP 100A-01 Chapter 10.0.1.

4.5.3 Waiver of requirement to seek Designer advice

In exceptional circumstances an IPT may use professional judgement to waive the requirement to seek Designer advice, specifically when advice is obtained from other specialist agencies (eg QinetiQ). In this case, an IPT holder of an appropriate airworthiness LOD/LOA - (see paragraph 2) is to sign the waiver certificate on the MOD F755(SM4).

4.5.4 Approval to embody an SM before obtaining Designer advice

In certain circumstances, normally for operational reasons, an IPT may decide to commence embodiment of an SM before Designer advice is received. In this case, an IPT holder of an appropriate airworthiness LOD/LOA (see paragraph 2) is to sign the exemption certificate on the MOD F755(SM4).

4.5.5 Approval to embody an SM against Designer advice

In exceptional circumstances an IPT may decide to disregard Designer advice on a proposed SM. In this case, an IPT holder of an appropriate airworthiness LOD/LOA (see paragraph 2) is to sign the exemption certificate on the MOD F755(SM4).

4.6 Removal instructions

At the Initiation Meeting the IPT should decide whether the proposed SM will require removal instructions. Where the SM is to be embodied for trial purposes only, the duration of the trial is to be defined. Any changes to the original duration are to be notified to all major stakeholders and the SM amended accordingly. In these circumstances the IPT should task the Design Organization to include removal instructions in the DSML. However, so as not to delay progression of the SM, removal instructions may be provided after the SSQ and DSML have been completed. Removal instructions may require the complete or partial removal of an SM, or the fitment of blanks in place of SM equipment. In every case the effect of a removal, or partial removal, of an SM is to:

1 Be assessed against the whole aircraft Safety Case.

2 Have appropriate clearances for all envisaged configurations of the SM.

3 Be reflected by appropriate amendments to the ADS.

4 Be approved by the RTS Authority (RTSA) and incorporated into the RTS.

Once an SM has been embodied it should only be removed in accordance with the removal instructions. If no removal instructions exist, the SM can only be removed by:

5 Raising a further SM in accordance with this chapter.

6 An amendment to the existing SM to include removal instructions.

Notes:

6.1 Where this method is used, the removal instructions are to be incorporated as a new Part (eg Part B, Part C, etc) to the SM.

6.2 If the removal instructions require a change to the original installation instructions, the SM is to be reissued in accordance with paragraph 7.3.

7 Superseding the SM with a DM.

4.7 Proposal review

The IPT is to review the proposal and SSQ to ensure that the requirements are being met and that all other relevant issues and risks have been identified and addressed. Furthermore, the IPT is to ensure that all the practicalities associated with embodiment have been adequately resolved, including the impact on other SM and DM programmes. Should the IPT decide to reject the proposal or replace it with a DM, the IPT is to inform the originator and other recipients of the proposal.

5 Phase 3 - Initiation, development and pre-flight review

Phase 3 of the SM process includes the initiation, development and pre-flight review elements of the SM progression. All elements of this Phase are to be addressed prior to entering into the final phase - Phase 4 the SM process.

5.1 Initiation Meeting

5.1.1 General

The Initiation Meeting determines the strategy to be followed to meet the requirement, to ensure that the SM can be introduced and supported effectively, and to endorse full modification development. The aircraft IPT will normally provide the Chairman and the Secretary for the Meeting. Subject to the agreement of all stakeholders, the Initiation and Clearance Meetings may be combined when simplicity of design or urgency are factors. The purpose of the Initiation Meeting is to consider outline design schemes, evaluate project viability and nominate suitable support organizations. It also allows stakeholders the opportunity to assess whether their particular requirements have been considered and ensure that airworthiness, operational, engineering support and training risks and issues are addressed, with specialist advice, support, clearances and endorsements identified and obtained where appropriate. During the Meeting, organizations are nominated, tasked and authorized to undertake appropriate stages of the process. Subsequently the IPT and RTSA will be expected to agree what evidence is to be produced by inclusion of a statement on the MOD F755(SM5) - Service Modification Initiation Certificate - to enable the RTSA to incorporate the SM into the RTS and decide the appropriate type of RTS clearance.

5.1.2 Proof Installation (PI)

The IPT is to decide whether or not to conduct a PI and record the decision on the MOD F755(SM5). The purpose of a PI is to demonstrate that the SM can be satisfactorily embodied in accordance with the SML and tosatisfy the IPT that the SM can be embodied and/or tested without undue difficulty. Detailed procedures and subsequent reporting actions are contained in JAP 100A-01 Chapter 10.2.

5.1.3 Initiation Certificate

If the decision is taken to proceed, the IPT member who holds the appropriate airworthiness LOD/LOA (see paragraph 2) is toissue MOD F755(SM5) as the authority to produce the detailed design plus DSML and embody the SM Trial Installation (TI). Furthermore, the certificate provides the TI unit with the authority to demand or locally purchase the necessary parts to embody the SM and contains a list of the actions to be undertaken to progress the proposal. When issuing the certificate, the IPT assumes responsibility for co-ordinating and progressing all matters relating to the SM.

5.1.4 Record of proceedings

The proceedings of the Initiation Meeting are to be recorded in the form of minutes in accordance with JSP 101 (see References) and approved for issue by the IPT. Recommended attendees, agenda items and guidance notes are provided at paragraph 12. The MOD F755(SM5) is to be attached to the minutes and distributed by the IPT to the attendees, stakeholders and other appropriate organizations.

5.2 SM Development

When authority to proceed has been given through completion of MOD F755(SM5), the DO may commence producing the detailed design, DSML and ADS amendment, working within any constraints imposed by the certificate. The DO may proceed with detailed design prior to the issue of the minutes, unless specifically instructed otherwise by the Initiation Meeting.

5.3 Trial Installation (TI)

The aim of the TI is to prove the practicality of the SM, identify parts and any additional trade skills or training requirements, and provide the detailed information necessary to prepare the final modification instructions. The MOD F755(SM6) - Service Modification Engineering Trial Installation and Pre-Flight Trial Review - is to be raised to record these functions. The TI unit is to conduct a TI in accordance with the DSML, appending any comments and observations and producing a draft parts list as appropriate. Account is to be taken of the supply aspects of the DSML preparation as detailed in JSP 886. On completion of the TI, the DO is to update the DSML and pass the completed leaflet to the IPT. Unless specified otherwise by the IPT, the TI is to be undertaken on one aircraft or equipment only. Additionally, in authorizing the TI, the IPT is to issue instructions on whether the TI is to remain embodied,4be embodied for a set period/duration3 or is to be removed on trial completion. 4The MOD F755(SM10) -Service Modification Authority for Extension/Transfer - is to be used to record any changes.3

5.4 Post-TI report

The TI unit is to produce a post-TI report to update, if necessary, the content of the proposal and the DSML, in order to confirm the SM’s suitability and endorse the TI aircraft’s technical airworthiness.

The TI unit is to complete Part 2 of the MOD F755(SM6). It is to be completed by a competent person as agreed at the SM Initiation Meeting. The content of the post-TI report is to include a statement drawing attention to any differences between the TI, AOP and DSML. The IPT in liaison with the RTSA may elect to waive the requirement for a post-TI report and base the decision to proceed to the next phase on the information already available. As part of the decision process the IPT member who holds the appropriate airworthiness LOD/LOA (see paragraph 2) is to consolidate Part 3 of the MOD F755(SM10).

5.5 Pre-Flight Trial Review

The Pre-Flight Trial Review provides the forum in which the suitability of the SM for a flight trial is discussed and agreed. All key stakeholders listed at paragraph 12.1 should attend and the Review is to take into account all the issues raised during the Initiation Meeting. The Review provides an auditable record of the facts relating to the technical detail of the SM and of decisions regarding the TI embodiment plans. Critical to the decision to proceed is the Review’s assessment of the SM Safety Case and how it affects the whole aircraft Safety Case. The Review should confirm the approval, clearances (including any requirement for an entry in the aircraft Limitations Log (MOD F703)) and schedules for ground and flight trials. The RTSA is to confirm to the Review that sufficient evidence exists to enable clearance for the SM flight trials to be given and what, if any, further evidence will be needed to incorporate the SM into the RTS.

5.5.1 Record of proceedings

The proceedings of the Pre-Flight Trial Review are to be recorded in the form of minutes in accordance with JSP 101 and by completion of the MOD F755(SM6) by the IPT member who holds the appropriate airworthiness LOD/LOA (see paragraph 2). Proposed attendees, agenda items and guidance notes are provided at paragraph 13.

5.6 Ground and flight trials

The decision to conduct ground and/or flight trials is normally made at the Pre-Flight Trial Review. Flight trials are to be conducted when the embodiment of an SM may affect aircraft handling and operation. Ground and/or flight trial instructions are to be drafted by the trial organization and approved by the IPT and RTSA, as appropriate. Reports from these trials will provide further evidence to support the incorporation of the SM into the RTS. IPTs may raise a flight trial instruction or a request for a flight trial using MOD F755(SM7) - Service Modification Aircraft and Equipment Trial Form. The TI unit is to arrange preparation of the TI aircraft for flight trials as soon as any restrictions or limitations recorded on the MOD F755(SM6) applicable to flight trials have been addressed and resolved. Prior to flight trials, authority is to be obtained in accordance with paragraph 5.6.1.

5.6.1 Clearance for flight

Prior to SM flight trials and/or subsequent operational flying of an SM, approval for flight is to be provided by an amendment to the RTS and subsequent completion of MOD F755(SM6). The IPT and the RTSA are to ensure that the embodiment or removal of an SM does not have a detrimental effect on aircraft safety and airworthiness. Similarly the Pre-Flight Trial Review may decide that there is no requirement for an SM flight trial. The IPT and the RTSA may approve an RTS amendment and subsequent completion of MOD F755(SM6) to allow continued flight of the aircraft with the SM TI remaining incorporated. As part of the decision process the IPT member who holds the appropriate airworthiness LOD/LOA (see paragraph 2 2) is to complete the MOD F755(SM6). Additionally the IPT is to consult OC Handling Squadron (OC HS) to determine whether an MOD F703A entry for the TI is required and, if it is, OC HS is to provide the appropriate form of words for the entry. Instructions detailing the clearance for flight for SM trials conducted by a contractor are contained in JSP 553 Annex F.

5.6.2 Flight trial and engineering report

Following the flight trials the aircrew will complete the appropriate sections of the MOD F755(SM8) - Service Modification Flight Trial and Engineering Report - and forward it to the TI unit. The TI unit is to complete relevant sections of the report and forward a copy to the IPT. The IPT is to:

1 Co-ordinate any actions arising from the report.

2 Pass the report to HS for their action in accordance with paragraph 5.8.

3 Pass reports and findings to the RTSA to support incorporation of the SM into the RTS.

5.7 Update design, SM Leaflet (SML) and Aircrew Operating Brief (AOB)

The DO is to incorporate appropriate findings from the TI and PI into the design and complete the SML and AOB before passing them to the IPT for final approval.

5.8 Review by Handling Squadron (HS)

The IPT is to forward the completed proposal, flight trial and engineering report, AOB and DSML to HS for review. HS is to effect amendments to the ADS (paragraph 6.6 refers).

6 Phase 4 - Clearance, approval, embodiment and review

Phase 4 of the SM process includes the final clearance approval, embodiment and the review procedures.

6.1 Clearance Meeting

The Clearance Meeting provides the forum in which the concluding decisions as to the suitability of the SM are discussed and agreed and, subject to PI and trial reports, whether the SM proceeds to full production and embodiment. It provides an auditable record of the facts relating to the technical detail of the SM and of decisions regarding the embodiment plan. Critical to the decision to proceed is the assessment by the Meeting of the SM Safety Case and how it affects the whole aircraft Safety Case. The Meeting should confirm approval and requirements for SM kit production, embodiment programme and equipment clearances and schedules for ground and flight trials.

Note:

In the event that peacetime criteria are waived, it is the responsibility of the IPTL, in conjunction with the RTSA, to consider the extent of the change to the Safety Case, the nature of any hazards introduced and the associated risks identified. If it is decided that the requirement for embodying the SM outweighs the risks identified, the IPT member who holds the appropriate airworthiness LOD/LOA (see paragraph 2) is to authorize the SM and append an appropriate statement on the MOD F755(SM9) - Service Modification Clearance Certificate.

6.1.1 Record of proceedings

The proceedings of the Clearance Meeting are to be recorded in the form of minutes in accordance with JSP 101 (see References) and by completion of MOD F755(SM9) by the IPT member who holds the appropriate airworthiness LOD/LOA (see paragraph 2). Proposed attendees, agenda items and guidance notes are provided at paragraph 13.

6.2 SML approval, publication and distribution

Following confirmation of operational flight clearances, acceptance of the incorporation of the SM into the RTS by the RTSA and satisfactory resolution of any outstanding issues, the IPT member who holds the appropriate airworthiness LOD/LOA (see paragraph 2) is to authorize the issue of the SML on the F755(SM9). IPTs are to distribute SMLs in accordance with MOD F755(SM9).

6.3 Highlighting SM effects on handling and operation

For SMs affecting the handling or operation of an aircraft or its equipment, refer to JAP 100A-01 Chapter 10.1 paragraph 4.1.

6.4 Embodiment

6.4.1 General

The SM embodiment programme is to be finalized between the IPT and appropriate agencies at the Clearance Meeting. The IPT is to arrange for the provision of sufficient modification kits to supply embodiment programmes at agreed maintenance organizations, including aircraft in storage, as appropriate. To achieve the programme targets, IPTs may liaise with FLCs to encourage embodiment on an opportunity basis through a modification campaign within a Forward organization and the IPT might do likewise for Depth organizations.

6.4.2 Embodiment outside user units

Whenever an SM is required to be embodied in an aircraft or equipment other than those at a Forward organization or outside FLC control, the IPT is responsible for deciding upon and making any necessary arrangements, additional to those in this publication, for the safe and correct embodiment of the SM.

6.4.3 Post-embodiment fault reporting

Any in-service faults with the embodied SM installation are to be reported to the IPT through the MOD Form 760 fault reporting system in accordance with JAP 100A-01 Chapter 7.5.1.

6.5 Update of design records

To maintain configuration control, the IPT is responsible for ensuring that an SM is incorporated into the aircraft or equipment's design records. Design records can be changed in one of two ways depending on the nature of the SM and the wishes of the IPT.

6.5.1 Designer cover modification

If the SM is to be incorporated into the build standard of any materiel delivered by the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM), a Designer cover modification is required in accordance with JAP 100A-01 Chapter 10.3.

6.5.2 Amendment

If the IPT does not require the SM to be incorporated in materiel delivered by the OEM, and an amendment to the design records is acceptable, it may be sufficient for the Designer SM index and drawings to be permanently annotated with the SM number.

6.6 Amend Aircraft Document Set (ADS)

The IPT is to incorporate the SM into the Topic 2(N/A/R)2 in accordance with JAP 100A-01 Chapter 8.4 and submit Service Amendment Leaflets to update Technical Information in accordance with JAP 100A-01 Chapter 8.2.2. JSP 553 Annex Jprovides a list of publications in the ADSthat are probably affected and JSP 553 Chap 6 provides detailed instructions on authorities and responsibilities for amendments to the ADS. IPTs are to identify and amend any additional type-specific publications that make up their ADS, as appropriate.

6.7 Embodiment programme reviews

6.7.1 General

IPTs are to monitor and review SM embodiment to identify and resolve any problems in the embodiment programme, incorporate lessons learnt to improve future SM programmes and assess the SM’s effectiveness in meeting the requirement. Reviews of the SM embodiment programme should:

1 Assess whether an individual programme requires:

1.1 Cancelling.

1.2 Recovery action to meet a revised timescale.

2 Quantify the actual costs and benefits of having pursued the modification.

3 Identify the lessons learned.

4 Assess the effectiveness of the modification.

6.7.2 Frequency of reviews

IPTs are to conduct reviews:

1 At least annually.

2 Whenever a new modification proposal has an impact on the SM programme.

3 On completion of an SM embodiment programme.

Figure 1. SM Process Flow Diagram.

7 Subsequent changes to an SM

Once SM drawings are sealed and issued for use with the SML, the design and installation may only be modified or removed by an approved, properly controlled formal procedure. The options available to the IPT are detailed below.

7.1 Extension or transfer of embodiment

7.1.1 General

There are occasions when an SM may be fitted for a specified period or event. If it becomes necessary to extend the duration of such an SM beyond the authorized period, or transfer embodiment to another airframe or equipment, the IPT is to carry out and document a formal review of the SM prior to authorizing the change. This includes:

1 Obtaining stakeholder approval.

2 Verifying the technical content of the SM with reference to equipment IPTs.

3 Considering the effects on in-service support for the SM.

4 Undertaking a complete check of Technical Information to ensure that there is an accurate cross-reference between the ADS and any special procedures or warnings.

5 Reviewing the SM Safety Case and whole aircraft Safety Case.

6 Verifying the continued validity of the weapons safety certificate.

7 Obtaining approval from the RTSA to ensure the continued validity of the RTS

8 Verifying with HS and FLCs that operating instructions are adequately covered.

9 Ensuring that relevant clearances remain valid.

10 Ensuring that CM records are updated.

11 Checking SM compatibility with any additional/alternative airframes or equipment selected.

7.1.2 Authorizing an extension or transfer of embodiment

When an IPT grants an authorization for an extension or transfer of embodiment, the change is to be:

1 Recorded on the MOD F755(SM10) - Service Modification Authority for Extension or Transfer - stating the number of aircraft or equipments affected, the authorized duration, RTS references and validity period and any other conditions and limitations imposed, and copied to all relevant Ship/Stn/Units, staffs and RTSA.

2 Recorded in the SM register.

7.2 4Changes to, or cancellation of, an SM3

4At times it may be necessary to change or cancel an SM. An SM can only be superseded by a new SM or DM; however, an SM may be cancelled whenever its purpose is fulfilled, it is superseded, or the original requirement no longer exists. When there is a requirement to change an SM, and the required change does not meet the criteria of an amendment as described in paragraph 7.3, or the cancelled SM is to be removed and removal instructions were not provided with the SML, the IPT is to generate a new SM as follows:

1 Issue and record in the SM register a new SML under the existing serial number transcribed with an oblique followed by a letter suffix (eg SM/TOR/XXX/A)

2 Follow the SM procedure and all associated activities; paragraph 2 refers. The IPT is to establish the course of action to progress the SM Change or Cancellation proposal. The MOD F755(SM11) - Service Modification Change/Cancellation Proposal - is to be used to assist in managing the proposal. Where the SM has already been embodied, consider any rework requirements to bring the original SM to the latest standard.

3 Authorize the SM Change or Cancellation proposal as per paragraph 2. This to be done in consultation with the RTSA.

4 Cancel the previous SML.

If the requirement to change an SM is urgent, the IPT may initiate Special Instruction (Technical) (SI(T)) action in accordance with JAP 100A-01 Chapter 10.5.3. Where the SI(T) is drafted by any organization other than the original Designer, the IPT is to forward a copy of the draft to the Designer for comment. Invariably, the IPT should request the Designer to prepare the SI(T) on its behalf. IPTs are to have a robust system in place to monitor and proactively manage SI(T)to ensure that they remain extant for the minimum practical period in accordance with Chapter 10.5.1.3

7.3 Amendments to an SML

IPTs may authorize 4amendments3 to an SML for textual errors, or to matters that do not affect the work content of the leaflet and do not require retrospective action to be taken on the aircraft or equipment. 4In such instances, the IPT is to raise an MOD F755(SM12) - SM Amendment Proposal. IPTs are to approve the process for authorizing and issuing amendments to SMLs that may include printed form or electronic format; Chapter 8.1 refers. Amendments to SMLs are to comply with the format standard as required by JSP 182.3

8 Partial embodiment or inhibiting of an SM

There will be occasions when an SM will be partially embodied, or it will be fully embodied but its operation will need to be inhibited. In such instances, the IPT is to ensure that all envisaged configurations of the SM are:

1 Clearly defined.

2 Addressed in the SM and whole aircraft Safety Case.

3 Cleared for flight in the RTS.

4 Recorded in the SM documentation, particularly the SML and ADS where applicable, including:

4.1 Removal and fitting instructions.

4.2 Inhibiting, reactivation and testing procedures.

4.3 Safety and warning notices.

4.4 MOD F703 series of forms.

9 Responsibilities

The following sub-paragraphs detail the responsibilities associated with an SM. These are not exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with JSP 553.

9.1 Release to Service Authority (RTSA)

The RTSA is responsible for:

1 Providing advice on how the SM proposal is likely to impact on flying limitations, emergency procedures, effects on other systems and any other operating issues.

2 Assessing modifications from the operational airworthiness aspect.

3 Reviewing modifications and advising on effects on the aircraft flying and handling characteristics and amending the RTS accordingly.

4 Providing the authorization for flight trial or clearance for flight upon SM embodiment.

9.2 Front Line Command (FLC)

The FLC is responsible for:

1 Providing appropriate advice and comments on SM proposals and embodiment plans.

2 Nominating Ship/Stn/Units to assist in SM development, trials and embodiment as agreed with the IPT.

9.3 Aircraft Integrated Project Team (IPT)

The aircraft IPT is responsible for:

1 Centrally managing the overall SM process whilst contracting out elements of the process to suitably competent organizations that offer a range of services from proposal progression to end-to-end design, delivery and embodiment.

2 Co-ordinating the activities of the agencies preparing the SM, including equipment IPTs as appropriate.

3 Obtaining an SM Safety Case and integrating it into the whole aircraft Safety Case.

4 Arranging for the integration of equipment IPT-developed modifications.

5 Undertaking technical editing of the DSML.

6 Ensuring that SM proposals, DSMLs and flight trial reports are copied to HS.

7 Ensuring that equipment IPTs, DOs, OEMs or TI units are tasked, where appropriate, to provide HS with draft source material on the operation and handling of the modified aircraft to enable HS to produce appropriate amendments to the ADS.

8 Ensuring that information on the operational and maintenance effects of the SM is included in the RTS, SOIU, ODM, associated modification leaflets and the ADS.

9 Ensuring that the RTSA has sufficient evidence to authorize SM trials and operational flying.

10 Ensuring that SM trials and SM operational flying are authorized before flight.

11 Arranging for the production and maintenance of all appropriate SM documentation and drawings, unless a DM supersedes the SM. It is desirable that SM drawings use the commercial practice of the Designer to reduce subsequent rework, which may be required for a cover modification.

12 Maintaining a register of SMs.

13 Ensuring that a master copy of the SML is retained for the life of the aircraft.

14 Ensuring that equipment or wiring installed for SM trial purposes has an agreed standard of external markings, or banding, to clearly identify it.

15 Reviewing and monitoring the modification embodiment programme.

16 Arranging for Designer cover modification action as appropriate.

9.4 Equipment IPTs

Equipment IPT are responsible for:

1 Alerting appropriate aircraft IPTs when developing an SM that affects multiple platforms.

2 Furnishing data to aircraft IPTs to assist with integrating equipment modifications into an aircraft.

3 Commenting on SM proposals passed to them by an aircraft IPT.

9.5 Handling Squadron (HS)

HS is responsible for:

1 The standards, quality and fitness for purpose of aircraft handling material, including Aircrew Manuals, Flight Test Schedules and Flight Reference Cards.

2 Ensuring that information on SMs that affect aircraft operations and handling is presented to aircrew in a timely manner.

10 References

This chapter refers to the following publications:

1 JAP 100A-01 – Military Aviation Engineering Policy and Regulation.

2 JSP 101 – Joint Service Staff Manual of Defence Writing.

3 JSP 182 – Specification for Technical Publications for the Services - Presentation and Layout.

4 JSP 886 Vol 13 – Supply Instructions for Air Environment – Leaflet C14/2 – Modifications Support Management Actions.

5 JSP 553 Annex J Paragraph J.7 – The MA Release, the RTS and the ADS.

6 JSP 553 Appendix 2 to Annex J – The Model Generic MA Release.

7 JSP 553 Chap 3 – Delegation, Competence and Responsibilities.

8 JSP 553 Chap 5 – Management of Airworthiness In-service.

9 JSP 553 Chap 6 – Aircraft documents and Publications.

10 Topic 2(N/A/R)2 – Service Modifications.

11 4Def Stan 59-411 Part 1 – Electromagnetic Compatibility - Management and Planning.3

11 3Guidance on Initiation Meetings

11.1 Attendees

The following is a suggested list of likely stakeholders/contributors in the configuration change process. As a minimum it is mandatory for those stakeholders/contributors marked with an asterisk to attend:

1 Platform IPT. *

2 RTSA. *

3 Designer. *

4 DO.

5 Publication Organization.

6 TI unit and associated FLC.

7 Equipment Sponsor.

8 Equipment IPT.

9 FLCs or unit as appropriate, ie user, engineering and operational representatives. *

10 4DG Weapons.3

11 HS.

12 Flight Simulators and Synthetic Trainers IPT.

13 Testing organizations, contractors and external agencies.

14 4Centre3 of Aviation Medicine.

15 Defence Security Standards Organisation (DSSO).

11.2 Initiation Meeting

The Initiation Meeting is to cover the following aspects:

1 An understanding of the requirements by the stakeholders.

2 Identification of possible outline solutions.

3 Suitability, viability and benefits of the proposed solution. (Should a DM, rather than an SM, be pursued? Do other PDS activities, either in progress or planned, affect the status of the proposed SM and will it adversely affect other modification proposals or intentions? Do any proposals currently being considered, or progressed, by other IPTs address a similar requirement?)

4 Potential hazards and likely implications for the Safety Case. (Is the effect of the proposed SM acceptable to the airworthiness, structure, reliability, maintainability and performance of the equipment being modified, or any associated equipment or system? Does the proposal, SSQ and DSML reveal any serious safety implications?)

5 Effects on the RTS.

6 Compatibility with associated equipment and implications on armament/electrical systems and EMC.

7 Requirements for independent assessment.

8 Production and supply of SM kits.

9 Nomination of a TI unit.

10 Draft embodiment plan.

11 Resources for TIs, PIs and embodiment.

12 Through-life support and costs.

11.3 Meeting agenda and minutes

The following table details aspects of the proposal that the IPT must consider before approving the design. All items are to be addressed during the Meeting. Each item is to be supported by an appropriate decision or statement in the minutes.

Table 1. Items for Initiation Meeting Minutes.

Item	Discussion and Decisions
1. Design	Consider the design in detail, with particular reference to the outline design, SSQ, supporting drawings and aircraft mock-up wherever possible. Record any changes from the initial proposed design as reservations on the initiation certificate. Record any other peripheral design considerations in the minutes.
2. Airworthiness and flight safety	The Designer is to advise the meeting on general aircraft safety aspects, including airworthiness and changes in weight and balance. If the Service Modification (SM) is likely to interact with any flight safety-critical system, the IPT is to task a suitable organization to provide specialist advice during SM development and to carry out any subsequent testing.
3. Release to Service	Consider the effects of the SM on the Release to Service (RTS). The RTSA and IPT are to discuss and agree the SM supporting evidence that will be needed for the RTSA to give approval for flight and operational clearances. Detailed regulations covering clearance for flight are contained in JSP 553 Chap 5.
4. Certificates of Design	Confirm that Certificates of Design are available, or are being raised, for equipment introduced by the SM. Allocate responsibilities to the appropriate DPA specialist branch or, in the case of Service-designed and manufactured equipment, to the relevant Service sponsor. Certificates of Design, plus supporting documents, will need to be submitted to the IPT for consideration and agreement of any limitations and exceptions.
5. Electrical system and EMC	With the assistance of specialists, assess the need for electrical system and EMC testing and task specialist organizations as appropriate. 4Def Stan 59-411 details the specification of contractual requirements for EMC testing.3
6. Explosive safety	An appropriate specialist organization is to make a statement about the likely effect of the SM on aircraft that contain or carry explosive devices. The IPT is to initiate any necessary tasking for provision of specialist advice during SM development and for carrying out any subsequent testing.
7. TEMPEST clearance	Assess the need for TEMPEST clearance and make arrangements for testing the TI aircraft as required.
48. Security Accreditation3	4Assess the impact the modification will have on security issues, ie any increase in the Protective Marking of data processed/stored in equipment modified/introduced by this modification. Advice can be sought from the platform Security Accreditation Co-ordinator or DSSO.3
493. Portability	Assess whether the SM is likely to affect in any way the cargo-carrying or handling facilities of a transport aircraft. If the aircraft is itself air portable, consider any aspect of the SM that is likely to affect this capability. The aircraft IPT is to notify the Joint Air Delivery Test and Evaluation Unit of any relevant factors.
4103. Documentation	Note any departures from the standard of SM documentation illustrated in JSP 553 Chap 5. The aircraft IPT is responsible for forwarding proposals for flight test schedule amendments to Handling Squadron (HS).
4113. Aircrew Operating Brief	Task the DO with producing a draft Aircrew Operating Brief (AOB).
4123. Provisional on-aircraft servicing information	There will usually be a need to make engineering information on the SM installation available to user units in advance of formal publication amendments. Task the TI Unit with preparing the necessary information for issue to the aircraft IPT prior to the Clearance Meeting. The aircraft IPT is responsible for arranging promulgation of this information to user units. Promulgation may initially be in the form of Service Amendment Leaflets.
4133. Equipment approval	Request equipment IPTs to act as approving authority for any items of equipment required for the SM, which are as yet unapproved for the particular application concerned. If an IPT is unable to accept this responsibility, nominate one to act as approving officer for the equipment and make the necessary submissions. When the SM introduces newly developed equipment, the IPT is to approve its use, initially for limited applicability as part of the SM installation. A further full approval will be made on satisfactory completion of flight trials.
4143. Equipment clearance	Aircraft equipment clearance is required for a part if: - Its design or use is new to the MOD. - It is, or is derived from, an existing approved part, but is to be used for a function or in an application different from that for which the part was originally approved. The IPT is to seek aircraft equipment clearance for the use of unapproved parts. This requirement may be waived if the part has no effect on the Safety Case and the IPT is willing to accept full responsibility for its intended use.
4153. Trial Installation	If a TI is required, confirm the proposed dates of the TI and make all arrangements for positioning the aircraft at the TI unit. Identify any special arrangements for preparing and recovering the aircraft and allocate responsibilities. The IPT is to identify items that require special provisioning action and ensure that these items are available for the TI. Identify the need for continuing advice and assistance from aircraft and equipment contractors. The IPT is to arrange for support from the equipment Designer or post-design support contractors.
4163. Installation testing	Stipulate the procedures to be used for testing the SM TI. The testing, which will also be applicable to the PI, is to be based on the advice given by the Designer responsible for the equipment being installed.
4173. Resources	Consider the resource requirements for each stage of the SM process. Where non-Stn/Ship/Unit personnel may be employed, they are to be managed in accordance with JAP 100A-01 Chapter 4.8.2.
4183. Ground and/or flight trials	Decide requirement and agree provisional dates for trials to take place. Additional trials to assess the operational performance of the SM installation may be required and arrangements for these are the responsibility of the FLC. Task the TI unit with preparing lists of flight trial requirements and forwarding them to the IPT for incorporation into the trials instruction. Consult with OC HS to determine requirement for an MOD F703A entry and the appropriate wording. Allocate responsibilities for conducting ground/ flight trials. Flight trials are to be carried out on the TI aircraft to all or part of the aircraft Topic 5M, supplemented by the requirements of the TI unit and as detailed in the trials instruction. Procedures for clearance for flight and authorities for the RTS are contained in JSP 553, Chap 5.
4193. Ongoing support	Consider the need to examine the implications of SM embodiment on factors such as spares, test equipment, maintenance facilities, servicing schedules, personnel health/safety and aircraft ground handling.
4203. Provisioning	Note any items for which special provisioning action may be required, but only in exceptional circumstances would it be appropriate to initiate provisioning action in advance of the Clearance Meeting.
4213. Fleet Embodiment	Record the target date for commencing fleet embodiment and details of the planned embodiment programme.
4223. Designer cover modification	Consider the requirement and likely cost of a cover modification. Cost estimates for a cover modification are to be included in the SM cost estimates. Further information regarding Designer cover modifications can be found in JAP 100A-01 Chapter 10.3.
4233. Any other business	Consider any factors relevant to the SM not covered by the foregoing paragraphs.

11.3.1 Distribution

Copies of the Meeting minutes and Initiation Certificate are to be sent to each of the attendees and all other stakeholders who were not in attendance.

12 Guidance on Pre-Flight Review and Clearance Meetings

12.1 Attendees

The Pre-Flight Review and Clearance Meetings should include all key stakeholders/contributors in the configuration change process. A list of likely attendees is provided at paragraph 11.1.

12.2 Meeting agenda and minutes

The following table contains mandatory items for the Review and Meeting agendas. Each item is to be supported by an appropriate decision or statement in the minutes. Items marked with an * may not be applicable to the Pre-Flight Review.

Table 2. Items for Pre-Flight Review and Clearance Meeting Minutes.

Item	Discussion and Decisions
1. Outstanding actions from the Initiation Meeting	Review the outstanding actions; however, their discussion may be included under subsequent agenda items if appropriate.
2. Design	Consider the detailed design of the SM, with reference to the TI aircraft and the TI clearance brief. List any further changes to the design as reservations on the clearance certificate, classified as either requiring action before the flight trial or before the final issue of SM documentation. Record any other peripheral design considerations
3. Removal instructions *	Confirm whether or not SM removal instructions are needed.
4. Safety Case	Review the SM Safety Case, consider its effects on the whole aircraft Safety Case and confirm that all actions essential to the safety of the aircraft have been carried out; in particular that: 1 All necessary Designer clearances have been given and recorded. 2 EMC testing has been carried out successfully, or is being addressed. 3 TEMPEST clearance has been addressed. 4 Confirmation of armament safety is available, or detailed investigations of these aspects are being addressed. Consider the integration of the SM Safety Case into the whole aircraft Safety Case.
5. Certificates of Design / Equipment Clearances	Confirm that Certificates of Design and Equipment Clearances are available for all equipment introduced by the SM.
6. Release to Service	The RTSA is to confirm that sufficient evidence exists to support the SM’s RTS. Record the RTSA’s comments in the minutes.
7. Clearance for flight	Record the agreement for flight trials of the TI aircraft, or record the authority to operate the aircraft with the TI fitted when flight trials are not deemed necessary, subject to clearance of the appropriate reservations listed on the clearance certificate. Alternatively, record those actions that are to be carried out before the aircraft can be released for flight trials. If doubts about EMC or armament safety remain to be resolved, the aircraft is to be cleared for the delivery flight only, with any equipment introduced by the SM switched off or disabled where applicable. Procedures for clearance for flight trials and authorities for RTS are contained in JSP 553, Chap 5.
8. Aircrew Operating Brief	Confirm details for producing and authorizing the Aircrew Operators Brief (AOB) for issue to aircrew prior to flight trials.
9. Flight trials	Confirm the arrangements made for RTS trials and any other trials considered necessary and detail the continuing actions required to implement them.
10. Proof Installation *	If there is a requirement for a PI, allocate provisional dates and agree arrangements for positioning the aircraft at the PI unit. Allocate responsibilities for any special PI provisioning action.
11. In-service support *	Review the in-service support requirements.
12. Documentation*	Review the content of the AOB and the provisional on-aircraft servicing information produced by the TI unit. Detail any amendments required. The minutes are to contain a statement of the requirement for distributing copies of SM drawings and the SML, and state the target date for issue. Handling Sqn (HS) is to advise on the wording of an MOD Form 703A entry, which is to be included in the SML. The minutes should also state the change requirements to associated electronic information systems, including structure, online forms, asset tracking and scheduled maintenance.
13. Production considerations *	Confirm the arrangements for fleet embodiment and any actions for provisioning long lead-time items deemed necessary to ensure that production timescales are met. Set a provisional date for the first production-planning meeting.
14. Any other business	Consider any factors relevant to the continuing development and embodiment of the SM, including the embodiment programme, not covered by the foregoing paragraphs.

12.2.1 Distribution

Copies of the Review/Meeting minutes and clearance certificate are to be sent to each of the attendees and all other stakeholders who were not in attendance.

13 Guidance on drafting an SML

The following table details the mandatory items for inclusion in an SML and provides guidance notes for drafting an SML. The layout is to accord with JSP 182, unless otherwise directed by the IPTL.

Table 3. SML Content and Guidance Notes

MAIN EQUIPMENT (Aircraft Type and Mark) SM No		Title of Service Modification
1	INTRODUCTION	Insert here a brief statement of why the modification is introduced, what it is and how it achieves the requirement. Insert the following sub-paragraphs (1), (2), (3) and (4) as appropriate:
		(1) This modification supersedes/partially supersedes/is satisfied by the work called for by Mod No * /Service Modification No * /Technical Instruction ***. or, if appropriate: (1) This modification does not supersede, partially supersede or satisfy the work called for by any other modification, Service Modification, or Technical Instruction.
		(2) This modification is the cover/complementary modification to component Mod No *. or, if appropriate: (2) The cover/complementary airframe modification to this modification is Mod No *.
		(3) This modification is essentially connected with Mod No ***. If that work is not already embodied it is to be effected concurrently.
		(4) This modification is applicable only if Mod No *** is/is not already embodied.
2	EMBODIMENT	State the extent of application of the SM to the type of equipment concerned and include any special embodiment instructions issued by the IPT.
2	Approximate time required for embodiment	State the estimated man-hours to modify one equipment, including any local manufacture. Include separately the man-hours for stripping, re-assembly and testing.
3	DRAWINGS REQUIRED	State Drawing/Figure Numbers incorporated in this leaflet and/or list the drawing number and titles of drawings that are to be demanded. Provide details of how and where to demand drawings as applicable. Note: In general, drawings should be incorporated in leaflets and be of the simple line diagram or sketch type, to engineering drawing standard. Drawings or sketches submitted with a proposal should be suitable for reproduction and sufficiently large for a 2 to 1 reduction. For standard A4 size, the maximum size of the printed illustration (including captions, sheet number, fig number, title and security markings) is 260 mm x 165 mm. Line diagrams or sketches to be used as working drawings are to have all detail large enough to be easily interpreted. Photographs should only be used to complement drawings.
4	PARTS AND SPECIAL TOOLS REQUIRED	List the parts and any special tools required by Management code/ Stock No, Nomenclature and Quantity. The quantity of parts is to be that number required to embody the SM on one equipment. Describe any special arrangements for supplying the parts and tools listed. Detail all hazardous substances used during embodiment, referring to JSP 515; list under the following headings: Reference No, Part No and Nomenclature. State the details of any Special Tools and/or Test Equipment required.
5	MODIFICATION OF SPARES	List details of any affected spares under the following headings:
5	MODIFICATION OF SPARES	Ref No	Part No	Nomenclature	Qty	Class of Equipment

6	CHANGE OF REFERENCE, PART AND ASSEMBLY NUMBERS	List details of any changes.
7	SEQUENCE OF OPERATIONS	(The following is a typical sequence of operations)
	Safety Precautions	Specify the safety precautions that are to be taken. The leaflet is to contain a specific statement detailing the Health and Safety requirements (including COSHH).
	Installation	Detail the sequence of operations, which should be practically proven if possible, required to complete the installation. Each individual operation is to be separately paragraphed. List any changes to fuse and circuit breaker indexes and identify stage checks. If physical marking of the equipment is to be a recording requirement, include the appropriate work instructions here.
	Removal	Detail the sequence of operations required, which should be practically proven if possible, to remove the SM. Each individual operation is to be separately paragraphed.
8	Special tests after embodiment	Detail any Operating Instructions/Procedures applicable to the installed SM and/or refer to any existing instructions.
		State whether any special tests or checks are required after embodying the SM. A selection of typical entries is provided. Others may be added if considered necessary.
		1 When the modification has been embodied and inspected, do the following special tests: 1.1 1.2 … …etc 2 When this modification has been embodied and inspected, do functional tests of all systems that have been disturbed for the purpose of embodying this modification, in accordance with current testing instructions. 3 As the embodiment of this modification involves disturbance of the ** system, an independent check of the system is to be made in accordance with JAP 100A-01 Chapter 6.10. 4 A flight trial is/is not required to prove satisfactory installation of the SM. 5 No special testing is required after embodying this modification but any other appropriate associated testing is to be done. ** Detail which system(s).
9	Recording action	When this modification has been embodied and inspected in accordance with current authorized procedures, the relevant entries are to be made in the appropriate aircraft/component records. Explicit instructions are to be given concerning which MOD Form 700 series is to be used for certifying embodiment of the SM and any further documentation that might be needed for particular requirements such as those indicated below: State any other recording action necessary. Permanent recording of the SM – by entry in nominated engineering record cards and, if appropriate, by physical marking of the equipment. Notifying aircrew – by entry of a specific statement regarding the need for an MOD Form 703A entry, detailing the wording of that statement. Certifying application of the SM to spare or stored equipment by entering a specified statement on the Engineering Record Card. Recording where necessary “modify after issue and before use” on the equipment label. Completing information system recording requirements, for SM configuration management. Any other recording requirements.
10	Disposal of redundant parts	List and state the disposal action for all parts removed and not reinstalled as a result of the SM under the following headings: Ref No, Part No, Nomenclature, Qty, Class of Equipment & Disposal.
11	Effect on weight and moment	Detail the effect of the SM on the weight and moment for recorded axes as follows: “Embodiment of SM * causes a weight change of PLUS/MINUS lb/kg and a change of moment of PLUS/MINUS ** lb in/kg m.” (use appropriate units). Or state: “This SM has no effect on weight and moment.”
12	Effect on aircraft or equipment operation and handling	Detail the effect on normal operating and handling procedures, the effect on emergency operating and handling procedures and, for the aircraft, the effect on limitations and performance, or state: “None”.
13	Changes in power supply requirements	Enter and complete the following statements as applicable: “This SM alters the electrical loading of the aircraft primary power supplies as follows: The DC load is increased/decreased by ……Amps at …… Volts. The AC load is increased/decreased by ……Amps at …… Volts.”
14	Effect on MAINTENANCE and ground support equipment	Enter particulars of the effect on maintenance and on ground equipment, including test equipment and simulators, or state: “None”.
15	EMC and TEMPEST clearance	State the EMC status as: “EMC clearance has been given/is awaited.” State the TEMPEST status: If aircraft has secure systems, state: “Embodiment of this modification invalidates the TEMPEST Clearance until formal clearance has been received. An appropriate entry is to be made in the aircraft documentation for TEMPEST-cleared aircraft”, or: “TEMPEST clearance has been given for all aircraft”, or: “TEMPEST clearance is not required.”
16	Night Vision Goggle (NVG) COMPATIBILITY	Detail any effect on the NVG compatibility of the aircraft, or state: “Not applicable.”

14 4Guidance for completing the Safety and Support Questionnaire3

4The following table outlines the detailed information required to complete the MOD F755(SM2) - Service Modification Safety and Support Questionnaire. It provides a generic means of proposing SMs and must take into account all expected configurations of an in-service change including full or partial Service Modification (SM) embodiment and inhibited operations. The list of subjects is not exhaustive and the IPT is expected to include additional subjects where appropriate.3

4Table 4. SSQ Content Details.3

Item	Requirement
1. Authority/IPT	As appropriate.
2. Aircraft Type/Mark/Main Equipment	As appropriate.
3. Description/Title of Requirement	As appropriate.
4. Category	Safety, Operational or Engineering.
5. Is there an effect on:	An assessment is to be made as to what effect the embodiment (or partial embodiment) of the SM will have on each subject/feature as listed in the subsequent sub-paragraphs. When it is considered that the SM will have an effect on any particular subject/feature the relevant detailed information is to be made available which is to demonstrate what the affects are and should include: test results, reports, certification, proofs, requirements, approvals, data, records, procedures, methods, minutes and conditions, as requested by the IPT for consideration. a. Airworthiness and flight safety. Provide an assessment on the effects of the proposed change(s) on Airworthiness and flight safety including: (1). Safety Case - State the effects on the Safety Case, the required changes and associated actions. (2). Statement of Operational Intent and Usage - State the effects on the Statement of Operational Intent and Usage (SOIU). If the SOIU is affected it is to be updated in accordance with JAP100A-01. (3). Operating Data Manual - State the effects on the Operating Data Manual. (4). Release to Service - With the assistance of the Release to Service (RTS) Authority state the effects on the RTS. (5). Certificates of Design - State if Certificates of Design are required. (6). Structural Integrity - State how the Structural Integrity (SI) is affected. If the effect either directly or indirectly alters the static strength, fatigue life or corrosion resistance of the primary structure then the IPT is to refer findings to an appropriate SI working group for specialist advice. (7). Structural classification - State the classification, reference numbers and nomenclature of the structure to which the modified equipment will be attached or the modification work will alter. (8). Material specification - State the material specifications, reference numbers, standard wire gauge and nomenclature of the modification structural parts, except where these are given in the drawings provided. (9). Heat treatment - State the heat treatments required during manufacture including a list of relevant publications and/or British Standards Institution leaflets. If heat treatment is not required, a statement can include “may be cold worked. (10). Environmental Control System - State the effects on the Environment Control System. (11). Aircrew safety and operating procedures - State the effects on the aircrew safety and operating procedures including changes of: (a). Primary displays, equipment interfaces, aircraft assisted escape systems, ejection seat profiles, crew access or movements. (b). Normal or emergency operating procedures. (c). Maintenance schedules, test programmes, check lists or change of role procedures or other documentation. (d). Operational flight software. (e). Special Instructions - Technical (SI(T)). (12). Aircrew health - State the effects on aircrew environment and health. Specialist advice should normally be sought from appropriate organizations like the Institute of Aviation Medicine. (13). Human Machine Interface - State the effects on the Human Machine Interface. (14). Performance and reliability - State the effects on the performance and reliability of: (a). Performance and handling of the aircraft or its installed systems. (b). Reliability of the aircraft or its systems. (c). Equipment, fittings, connections or wiring disturbed during access. (d). Changes to operational flight software. (15). Compatibility - State the effects on the: (a). Category of compatibility affected by material, explosives, chemicals and electromagnetic effects. (b). Heat loading or any other effect on aircraft environment. (c). External interfaces. (d). Changes to ground power supplies, test equipment or other ancillary equipment. (e). Compatibility in any respect to other systems in the aircraft, e.g. night vision system. (f). Hazards to ground personnel. (g). Compatibility with other modifications and SI(T)s applicable to the aircraft or associated ground power supplies, test equipment or other ancillary equipment. (h). Requirement for any existing equipment, fittings or wiring disturbed for access. (16). Interchangeability - State how the physical or functional interchangeability of the component, equipment or system will be affected. Physical interchangeability is affected when the item cannot be installed in the next higher assembly without a modification to the attached structure or fittings. (17). Weight and Moment - State the any changes in Weight and Moment. A design change that effects Weight and Moment, including a partial fit of equipment, is to be assessed and appropriate action taken in accordance with JAP100A-01 to ensure that the aircraft weight and centre of gravity remain within the limits specified in the RTS. (18). Handling, performance and operations - In consultation with Handling Squadron (HS), state if/how handling, performance or operations is affected. A copy of the change proposal is to be forwarded to HS for a report on whether the proposed change would affect handling and/or operation of the equipment by the aircrew. If affected, the IPT will need to assess the Safety Case with reference to the report. 4(19). Hazardous Materiel - State if any Hazardous Materiel is used either in the inherent make-up of the modification or during the embodiment process.3 b. Electrical systems and Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC). Provide an assessment of the effects on the electrical system and EMC, including electrical and electronic ground equipment used during maintenance or for providing power to the aircraft including: (1). The fitment of additional motors, transformers, generators, relays, transmitters, aerials or other items of electrical equipment or if existing similar devices physically moved or increased in power rating. (2). Changes to aircraft input or output currents or voltages for individual units. (3). Changes to frequencies either generated or transmitted including electrical pulse characteristics. (4). Changes to earthing or bonding points that have been physically or electrically altered. (5). Changes to power generation or distribution systems. (6). Additional loads within the capacity of the system and its protection circuit. (7). Re-routing or additional wiring, either within or between units. (8). Changes to aircraft structure. (9). Additions or changes to aircraft explosive devices. (10). EMC testing requirements prior to the change. (11). TEMPEST clearance, applicability or validity. The TEMPEST officer or electrical security team leader is to provide a suitable statement if the change impacts on TEMPEST. (12). The IFF system. (13). Fuse and circuit breaker charts. c. Magnetic Signature Provide an assessment on the effects of the proposed change(s) may have on the Magnetic Signature of the equipment/system. d. Acoustic and Infrared Signatures Provide an assessment on the effects of the proposed change(s) may have on the Acoustic and Infrared Signatures equipment/system. e. Vibration Signature Provide an assessment on the effects of the proposed change(s) may have on the Vibration Signature including associated testing requirements. f. Fire HazardProvide an assessment on the effects of the proposed change(s) may have on the Fire Hazard. (1). Changing the type or position of fire suppression or detection devices. (2). Changing the type, position, or number of fuel control, routing, or storage devices. (3). Additions to the amount of flammable material carried in or on the aircraft. (4). Altering any aspect of the aircraft system that contains an explosive device. g. Armament system - Provide an assessment of the effects of the proposed change(s) may have on Armament system: (1). Environment: Statement on the weapons system environment including: (a). Bomb bay or weapon temperature environment (b). Airflow around the store (c). Store carriage release and jettison characteristics. (d). Performance of any aircraft-supplied weapon service such as refrigeration, hydraulics or compressed gases. (e). Release of stores including heat from the efflux of a missile rocket motor or physical interference from a missile at launch. (2). Structural loading and support - Statement on the weapons system structural loading and support including: (a). Aircraft load-bearing structures, including pylon installations. (b). Bomb doors or fairings. (c). Weapon lanyards and harness strong points. (d). Integral store hoisting equipment, strong points or attachments. (3). Carriers - Statement on the weapons system carriers including: (a). Static or fatigue strength of the carrier or its components. (b). Strength, or use, of the aircraft carrier or carrier-weapon relationship. (c). Efficiency or use of a carrier in so far as its application to the aircraft or weapons is concerned. (d). Efficiency of the weapon-carrier-aircraft combination insofar as the effect on sling loads, rigidity or vibration characteristics. (4). Release units - Statement on the weapons system release units including: (a). Static or fatigue strength of a release unit or its components. (b). Positive mechanical locking of a release unit. (c). Efficiency, strength or use of secondary safety devices such as ground locks, cocking and indications. (d). Functioning or release characteristics of the release unit. (e). Ejection characteristics or temperature limitations of explosive release nits. (5). Dimensions - Statement on the weapons system dimensions including the geometry of the store or weapon installation, or decreased clearances between the weapon and adjacent stores, installation or aircraft structure. (6). Performance - Statement on the weapons system performance including: (a). Maximum and minimum heights and speeds (b). Mode of attack and weapon release parameters. (c). Flight profile. (7). Fuzing and release signals - Statement on the weapons system release and/or fuzing signals generated from the weapon sighting or aiming computation. Include a statement on reliability. (8). Fuzing units and adapters - Statement on the weapons system fuzing units and adaptors including: (a). Fuzing units or the aircraft/equipment adaptors or their operating characteristics. (b). Geometric relationship of the equipments to the weapon. (c). Static or fatigue strength of the fuzing units, the adaptors or their mountings. (9). Electrical - State if the change will alter, re-position, or have any affect on the electrical aspects of the aircraft including: (a). Weapon control or release systems. (b). Removable and fixed items of armament equipment including carriers, pylons, bomb racks, fuze control units, electromagnetic release units and bomb release safety locks. (c). Power supplies and associated equipment. (d). Ground power supplies and associated equipment. (e). Electrical connections. (f). Wiring, its routing or method of securing. (g). Electrical components including plugs, sockets, switches and relays. (i).Test equipment and associated connectors. (10). Maintenance - Statement on the maintenance of the weapons system including: (a).Use of weapon maintenance or test equipment employed when the weapon is loaded on to an aircraft. (b). Aircraft maintenance procedures following weapon loading or unloading. (c). Provision of, or change to, weapon preparation or aircraft loading or unloading procedures. (d). Maintenance of the weapon, weapon control and release system or the associated safety devices. (e). Aircrew standard operating procedures. (f). Hazardous incidents. (g). Use, testing or strength of any special safety devices. (h). Use of existing ground or test equipment, or call for new items of equipment. h. Integrated Logistic Support. Provide an assessment on the effects of the proposed change(s) may have on Integrated Logistic Support. (Detailed information with regards to modification support from a supply perspective is contained in JSP 336. Additional information is also contained in DefStans 05-123 and 05-57). (1). Support Policy Statement - State the effects on the Support Policy Statement, including the disposal of pre-modified items. (2). Reliability and Maintainability - State how the change will affect the reliability or maintainability of the equipment or assembly, to which it is to be fitted, and if appropriate, any higher assemblies (3). Spares - State whether detailed parts listed as service spares for the item in question are made non- interchangeable by the change (4). Schedule -State the effects on the spares schedule/parts catalogue. (5). Storage - State how storage requirements are affected. (6). Training - State any training requirements and trade skills identified for the change implementation, embodiment and subsequent support activities. (7). Support equipment - State the effects on support equipment. (8). Packaging - State any changes to existing packaging or any additional special to type container requirements, including the affect on current storage facilities. (9). Codification - State the affects on the codification of parts. Detailed instructions are contained in. JSP336. (10). Identification of trials equipment - Where equipment and cabling are installed for trial purposes has an agreed standard of external markings or banding to clearly identify it? State how each structural item manufactured is to be individually marked with a trace ability reference, and state the method of applying the trace ability markings. (11). Manufacturing authority - State the authority for the manufacture of parts. (12). Loan items - State those items that are to be supplied on loan. Include those supplied from commodity IPT and external agencies. (13). Supply of parts and materials - State those items, which are to be supplied from external agencies and in-Service. Ensure equipment-scaling requirements are considered and adjusted accordingly. (JSP 886) (14). Equipment life - State the effects of the change on the life of the equipment and any higher assemblies as applicable. This may involve Reliability Centered Maintenance analysis. (15). In-Service capabilities and resources - State the impact on in-Service capabilities, resources and facilities. (16). Repair and Overhaul - State configuration control requirements when equipment is removed for repair and overhaul, including effects on common equipment compatibility/interchangeability with other aircraft types. (17). Ongoing support - State the ongoing support requirements following the embodiment of the change. i. Documentation. Provide an assessment on the effects of the proposed change(s) may have on the Aircraft Documentation Set (ADS) including: (1). Specifications - State the equipment specifications impacted by the change. (2). Technical publications - State the effects on technical publications including repair procedures. (3). Trials documentation - State if any of the existing trials documentation is affected. (4). Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) procedures - State the affects on EOD procedures. (5). Information Systems - State the recording and change requirements for associated manual and electronic information systems including: structure online forms, equipment log cards, asset tracking and scheduled maintenance. j. Test Equipment (TE) Provide an assessment on the effects of the proposed change(s) may have on any associated TE andincludes any existing or the requirement for new TE and schedules. k. Embodiment checks. Provide an assessment on the effects of the proposed change(s) may have which may require special checks to determine correct Embodiment. l. Testing and calibration. Provide an assessment on the effects of the proposed change(s) may have on any associated Testing and calibration requirements, which includes the effects on test equipment requirements in respect to specification, calibration, automatic test, special to type and software for all lines of maintenance. m. Tooling. Provide an assessment on the effects of the proposed change(s) may have on the requirement for Tooling, which includes any affect on existing and new tooling used for developing, testing, producing and supporting the change. n. Portability. Provide an assessment on the effects of the proposed change(s) may have on any equipment Portability. o. Synthetic trainers. Provide an assessment on the effects of the proposed change(s) may have on synthetic operator and maintainer trainers and training aids. 4p. Aircraft Security Accreditation. Engage with the Defence Security Standards Organisation (DSSO) to determine whether the modification will affect the aircraft’s security accreditation.3